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Survey & Research
Fact Finding Survey of Development and Use of New Energy in Japan
1995 - 1996 Data Gathering
Questionnaires were sent to a total of 3,304 municipal corporations made up of
47 prefectures and 3,257 cities, towns, and villages. The new energy
in the questionnaire was classified into 42 categories and they were
asked to write about the current state of introduction of each energy.
2,635 municipal organizations sent back their replies (collection
rate: 79.8%). Of these, 940 municipal organizations replied that they
had developed and used new energy, which was 35.7% of the replies.Results
Analysis
The introduction of new energies became active with the first oil
shock in 1973. It showed rapid growth between 1979 and 1982 (Fig.
1) to peak in 1982 with 242 cases of introduction. It then began dropping
sharply until 1988 but has maintained a high level compared to the
number before the oil shock.Since 1950, the total power capacity has been growing linearly to reach approximately 2.68 million kW in 1995 (Fig. 2). 
 A clear correlation is seen between the number of new energy facilities introduced and the price of crude oil (Fig. 3). Despite the soaring of crude oil prices from the first oil shock to the second oil shock in 1979, the number of such new energy facilities has not increased as much, as this is thought to be just the beginning of introduction. During the time the crude oil price soared due to the second oil crisis, the number of facilities also increased markedly, and the soaring of crude oil prices were linked closely to the number of introduction. 
After 1982 which has been termed as the reverse oil shock, introduction of new energy became stagnant as crude oil prices began to fall steeply. However, after 1992, despite the leveling off of the crude oil prices, the number of new energy facilities introduced has been growing steadily. Power companies launched the new energy excess power purchasing system in April 1992, and in June the Earth Summit (the international conference on the environment and development) was held in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, making it a year when global environmental problems drew wide attention. Furthermore, in April 1990, the electric utilities industry law enforcement regulations were revised to relax installation and operation procedures for photovoltaic power generation system and fuel cells. From 1990 to 1993, conditions to spread new energy were established such as the compilation of the "Guidelines on Technology Requirements for the Connection to the Grid System" by the Agency of Natural Resources and Energy of the MITI. In this way, the introduction of new energies also began to increase with the establishment of policies and system, improved economy (cost reduction of a pv cell), and the attention to global environmental problems. Fig. 4 shows the change in power capacity according to energy. Small and medium scale hydraulic power generation plays the main role in power generation, while power generation by waste incineration, which emerged around the first oil crisis, has been increasing rapidly in the recent years.  Future Plans
This year, NEF is conducting a survey on new energy facilities of
the government and private sector and to compile a survey report (integrated
version) on the results together with the last year's survey results
in March 1997. To make the survey results available to as many as
possible, plans are being made to compile a CD-ROM on survey data
with retrieval functions.
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A Message from NEF's Chairman / Role and Establishment of NEF / Organization / Activities / How to Get to NEF / Contact Us / Top Page | |
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